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Microarray Technology

An Overview

Microarray technology has revolutionized biological inquiry by making a major shift from studying one or two molecules at time to parallel system analysis of hundreds or thousands of molecules at a time The technology has evolved as a result of following technical developments:

• Availability of gene sequence data for the genomes of a number of species,
• Great advances in bio-informatics with ability to handle vast amounts of data, Miniaturization of assay systems,
• Concurrent adaptation of molecular biology tools,
• Developments of non-radioactive but equally sensitive tags, Bioinstrumentation to handle the emitted non-radioactive signals, and ,
• Microfluidics and micro-engineering tools for further enhanced the utilization of this technology.

Initially DNA Microarray analysis were undertaken to simultaneously study most if not all the possible genes of a particular genome (Genomics) for detection of variability or expression under a variety of normal and abnormal biological or environmental conditions, or due to exposure to particular vaccines or therapeutic drugs. Such an approach has opened a doorway to study all types of biological systems on a large scale. The inquiries into genomics are leading the way to simultaneous study of large number of proteins (Proteomics) with Protein Microarrays and sugars/glycoproteins (Glycomics) with Sugar Microarrays under a particular biological condition. The promise land is identification of molecular signatures of diseases/ abnormalities and most efficient means of developing clinical diagnostic tools, vaccines and novel therapeutic agents.

Micorarray Biochip Services

KTI provides a full package of micro-array (biochip) services including custom high density array (chip) printing, sample preparation and labeling, chip hybridization or binding assays, scanning and image analyses. Microarray Services offered at KamTek fall in the following 3 categories:
Genomics includes:

• gene chip design,
• Printing of oligos or DNA molecules,
• sample preparation and labeling,
• hybridization of labeled probes on the gene chips,
• scanning of hybridized DNA arrays,
• quantitative image and data analyses.

Proteomics includes:

• protein chip design,
• printing of antibodies, peptides, or other ligands,
• binding and detection assays,
• scanning and quantitative analyses.

Glycomics includes:

• Glyco-chip design
• printing of sugars, glycoconjugates or lectins
• binding and detection assays,
• scanning and quantitative analyses